ΘΟΥΚΙΔΙΔΟΥ ΤΟΥ ΟΛΩΡΟΥ [Thucydidis Olori]: Περί του Πελοποννησιακού Πολέμου Βιβλία Οκτώ [De Bello Peloponnesiaco Libri octo]. [Geneve] Henri Estienne 1564 The famous first edition of Thucydides, published by Estienne. Folio (32 × 21 cm). Text in original Greek in the first part, with Latin translation in the second. 19th-century leather over boards in very good condition, with light wear. Complete: title in red and black with the fine Estienne device, 2 parts in one volume: [16], 297, [3]; 216, [8] pp. Title page and final leaf with some moisture wear; otherwise text clean and bright throughout. This edition is notable for the first use of Estienne’s celebrated Greek type, and for being the first to present Thucydides in both Greek and Latin together. Overall a very good copy. The most important edition of Thucydides produced in the mid-16th century, and an impressive monument of Renaissance scholarship. Thucydides’ History remains strikingly relevant today; it is studied extensively in political circles in the United States in the context of the current confrontation with China, which is often framed in comparison to the ancient rivalry of Athens and Sparta. References: Adams T666; Schreiber 153.